Madhya Pradesh - Region Profile

Nicknamed the "heart of India" due to its geographical location in India, Madhya Pradesh is the second largest state in the country having an area of 30.8 million hectare. With over 72.5 million inhabitants, it is the sixth largest state in India by population. The state is located in the geographic heart of India, between latitude 21°04'N-26.87°N and longitude 74°02'-82°49' E. Table 1 illustrates the current area, productivity and production statistics of major crops in Madhya Pradesh.




Nutrient consumption in Madhya Pradesh in the past decade is given in Fig. 2. The total fertilizer nutrient consumption in Madhya Pradesh at 1.903 million MT during 2013-14 recorded increase of 1.8% over 2012-13. The growth in consumption of total fertilizer nutrients was almost unchanged in Kharif and positive in Rabi. The consumption during Kharif slipped marginally by 0.02% but increased in Rabi by 3.5%. Kharif : Rabi share in total consumption changed from 49:51 during 2012-13 to 48:52 during 2013-14.

The consumption of N at 1.211 million MT in 2013-14 represented increase of 11.8% over the previous year. However, the consumption of P₂O₅ at 0.635 million MT and K₂O at 0.058 million MT during 2013-14 registered decline of 11.3% and 19%, respectively, over the previous year. NPK use ratio changed from 15.3:10.1:1 during 2012-13 to 21.1:11:1 during 2013-14. The per hectare consumption of total fertilizer nutrients increased from 83 kg to 84.5 kg during the period. Using the area and production of major crops, the total nutrient (N, P₂O₅ and K₂O) removal by each crop was calculated and a nutrient balance sheet was prepared (table 2).

Table 1: Latest Crop Production Statistics of Madhya Pradesh-2012-13

Parameters	Rice	Wheat	Maize	Total Cereals	Gram	Total Pulses	Total Foodgrains	Total Oilseeds	Sugarcane
Area	1882.6	5300	845.5	8822.1	3128.7	5314.4	14136.5	7534.4	59.5
Production	2775	13133.4	1513.6	18524.6	3812.4	5165.9	23690.4	9276	2641.9
Productivity	1474	2478	1790	2100	1219	972	1676	1231	44401

Area ('000 ha); Production ('000 tonnes); Productivity (kg/ha); # Production and Productivity in 1000 bales of 180 kg each




Table 2: Nutrient balance sheet for major crops of Madhya Pradesh (2012-13)

Crop	Area (in '000 ha)	Production (in '000 tonnes)	Nutrient Removal (kg/tonne)			Total Removal (tonnes)
			N	P2O5	K2O	N	P2O5	K2O
Rice	1882.6	2775	20.1	11.2	30	55777.5	31080	83250
Wheat	5300	13133.4	24.4	8.6	32.8	320455	112947.2	430775.5
Maize	845.5	1513.6	8.2	3.1	15.5	12411.52	4692.16	23460.8
Total Pulses	5314.4	5165.9	40	5	20	206636	25829.5	103318
Total Oilseeds	7534.4	9276	54	14	46	500904	129864	426696
Sugarcane	59.5	2641.9	1.7	0.2	2	4491.23	528.38	5283.8
		Total removal by major crops				1100675	304941.3	1072784
		Total fertilizer consumption in MP				1082720	715610	70970
		Consumption * Efficiency factor				433088	214683	49679
		Balance/Deficit				-667587	-90258.3	-1023105

Efficiency of N=40%; P2O5= 30%; and K2O=70%

*Crop production and fertilizer use data are retrieved from Fertiliser Statistics, 2013-14, The Fertiliser Association of India, New Delhi